How To Build A Nas From An Old Pc, For years, they were the go-to tool for moving documents, Running out of storage on your PC or laptop is the worst. I need advice on whether these parts are suitable for FreeNAS is an open source project that allows you to turn an old computer into a network attached storage system. t On Windows 11, you can convert your PC into a NAS to share folders and files with other users in the local network. Any recommendation for building a nas with new parts? I assumed A full step by step guide to building a NAS in the Fractal Design Meshify 2 using UNRAID. You'll be surprised to know that you can turn your dusty 15 votes, 26 comments. In this video we will have a look at how to build your own NAS from old computer or really cheap pc hardware along with the software setup required to fully Building your network-attached storage (NAS) from scratch can be exciting but there are some things to consider before repurposing an old PC. Current nas is DIY NAS or other alternative to use a lot of old hard drives of different brand and size? I have like 10-12 hard drives mixed as mechanical and SSD; going from 500 GB to 2 TB (mechanical) and from 180 If you want to learn and tinker with a home server, using the old PC is a great option. com. Whether you're a homeowner looking to streamline Learn more about what you should consider before building your DIY NAS or Network Attached Storage system. Old PC is free. Building a Network-Attached Storage (NAS) device is an easy process since it can involve using an old desktop PC. Most people think of USB drives as nothing more than portable storage devices. I see so many suggestions to people to use a mini PC to build their own Nas, which makes a lot of sense to use containers and add server functionality, But my immediate thought is Hello connections and tech enthusiasts! Here's a brief thread on how I transformed my old PC into a fully functioning NAS server with storage, cloud, We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. Turn your old computer into a storage device with this easy guide. If it going to be for personal use, then TrueNas is a great system, but the minimal spec to run it fairly high and is probably overkill. I’ve built a few over the years and it gets better if you’re able to repurpose an old Building your own NAS from an old PC is a great way to breathe new life into an otherwise discarded device. FreeNAS is a free, open-source operating system Got an old PC collecting dust? Turn it into a powerful home server NAS and give it a second life! In this beginner-friendly guide, I’ll walk you through everything you need to know — from Simply slot in an appropriate PCIe card. Most routers already have the features you need, so with a spare SSD or 💻 Got an old laptop collecting dust? In this video, I’ll show you how to transform it into a powerful and reliable Home NAS (Network Attached Storage) using TrueNAS—for FREE! Perfect for 💻 Got an old laptop collecting dust? In this video, I’ll show you how to transform it into a powerful and reliable Home NAS (Network Attached Storage) using TrueNAS—for FREE! Perfect for Do you have any old computers laying around collecting dust? If you answered yes to both, then you’ve met the criteria for building a DIY Network We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. From my point of view, it has the bare minimum of what you need - 8gb RAM for FreeNas, 6 SATA connections on the MB (though two are Dear community, I am planning to build a NAS. I have an old PC that worked fine untill a few months ago. I plan to Microsoft's switch from Windows 10 to Windows 11 left many PCs supposedly obsolete. Using parts from an old PC and running TrueNAS Scale. Both will require HDDs. I use TrueNas running off a 16gb USB drive, plugged into an old PC (basically just used my the storage on the old PC Building your own NAS is a great way to safeguard and share your data, without breaking the bank. But it's also a perfect solution for backing up your computers, streaming media across your home Learn how to build a NAS at home using affordable, used components. This guide will show you 1) The NAS Case is the hardest We’re building a NAS, a Network Attached Storage device, which is basically a hard drive on your network that You don't need fancy hardware or confusing setups to build a NAS at home. Do I need to use some 3rd party software, or I should somehow mount it as "Network Drive" on Windows There are so many benefits to having your own Cloud storage. Mini PCs pack powerful laptop-grade components like Ryzen and Intel U-series Ever wanted your own private cloud at home? 🌐 In this easy-to-follow tutorial, I'll show you how to set up a NAS (Network Attached Storage) server on your Windows PC — using only free tools Price: 2-bay diskless enclosure will be $150. If you’ve been on the Internet for any time at all, you’re probably aware that you can repurpose an old PC into an at-home server or NAS, which is shorthand for network attached Got an old laptop or PC taking up space? Here's how to repurpose it as your own personal storage server. On a Windows computer you have many ways to protect your data and turn it into a file server. That is why I built my own NAS for a fraction of the cost using components from an old PC and some used pieces I bought on An old computer doesn't have to be e-waste — you can turn it into a NAS server for your house. By following this step-by-step guide, you'll be able to create a custom NAS that In this video I take an only gaming PC I built in 2011 and turn it into a network attached storage device for my media. I'm considering converting it into a However before we start building the NAS , we have to make few decisions. We'll show you how to get started. I want to find a way to access these Building a DIY NAS is the cheap option to get setup with a home server, here's how I did it and everything you need to know to get started. A mini PC can be used to construct a NAS using open source Are you wondering how to turn a old PC into a NAS server? Follow these easy steps to build your own private home server. Sure, it’s more Do you have an old desktop PC sitting in a closet somewhere? Put it to use by installing FreeNAS . I did run a nas on a 21 year old PC and it worked but was too slow for my sanity. I want to connect it to the router and use it as NAS. com for thread: "Hi, I'm trying to build a home NAS from an old office PC, help and advice appreciated!" Unfortunately, no related topics are found on the I put my old gaming computer to use by making it into a NAS. The retail windows Hi, I’m planning to build a NAS server using old parts from a 10-year-old computer. Dropbox crashes my PC since the last update, on Windows 11 it reboots the machine immediately Hello, Today on may 29, while trying to move files from Have an old PC available? This guide will walk you through how to turn an old PC into a NAS and create your own file, media, or surveillance server. From my point of view, it has the bare minimum of what you need - 8gb RAM for FreeNas, 6 SATA connections on the MB (though Vocabulary list of GPT-4o (o200k_base) and GPT-4/GPT-3. I’ve been going back and forth on the best approach to doing this, and so far it Before I get into my PC’s makeover, it’s worth clarifying the difference between a NAS and a home server, since the lines between the two have blurred Before I get into my PC’s makeover, it’s worth clarifying the difference between a NAS and a home server, since the lines between the two have blurred A NAS is primarily a shared backup device -- you can back up every computer in your house or office to a single NAS -- but because a FreeNAS box Old computer parts as a DIY NAS Help a compleet newbie with a (potential) first NAS. Follow me along when I convert this old dumpsterfind server to a true budget DIY nas build with Truenas Scale. This guide assumes no previous knowledge and is perfect for a first time PC builder. Affiliate Links for Items related to this video:NAS Rated Hard Drives:4TB WD RED - https://amzn. These computer parts are actually from my old pc and my fail attempt for DIY a nas after watching some youtube videos. It could even save you money in the long run. Why let them collect dust when you can combine them into a single powerful NAS (Network Attached Storage) for your home network — all using Windows 11’s built-in tools. We can start from a 0$-50$ budget depending on what is available Building a NAS from old PC hardware is a great way to reuse existing tech Once you've managed to get your NAS operating, NAS enclosures like those by Synology are the most obvious option, but they're also incredibly expensive. I know the focus had some issues, working on improving the filming While you could buy an off-the-shelf NAS, sometimes it's better (and more fun) to build your own. I'm not sure about the specs of the machine since I have to Building a killer NAS with an old Rackable Server Like many others, I'm generating a lot of digital data. Its main purpose will be to store my 3tb media library and important files. Get curated GPUs, NAS storage optimized for local LLMs and AI-driven workflows. I built a PC for a home NAS using Unraid and it has been a blast learning what I can do. bd/2022/02more Old router cluttering up your drawers? Here's what to do with an old router and save some money instead of throwing it away! NAS stands for Network Attached Storage. Do we want to use our old PC as a storage server? In this video, I'll show you How to turn an old computer into a NAS server free. Whereas, OpenMediaVault Do you have an old desktop PC sitting in a closet somewhere? Put it to use by installing FreeNAS. #trueNAS #BudgetNAS #DIYNASOur video today is building a Home DIY NAS with a limited budget. Dear Lifehacker, I'm thinking about building a NAS (Network-Attached Storage) for storage and backups, but I don't know if I should build a computer or use an old one I have kicking Learn to build your NAS with this beginner-friendly guide covering hardware, software, data protection, and maintenance for home network storage. FreeNAS is a free, open-source operating system that will convert old PCs into network Here I show my first NAS Mini ITX Build for cheap on a 3D Printed case. at/hKbNYP Learn more With the feature available on Windows computers, you can create your own NAS server. to/4lRMpaX 📦 This DIY NAS in total it cost me 35 dollars, using used parts from old pc. itsupport. What sort of hardware could I get that is inexpensive that would allow me to use these Want to build your own NAS server on a budget? In this video, we'll show you how to set up a NAS system in your home lab with up to 40 TB of storage! This video guides you through building a The cost of a turnkey NAS can range between $150 to $5,000 depending on the specifications. 5-inch and two 2. By following this step-by-step guide, you'll be able to create a custom NAS that Explore and search for ads across Meta platforms with the Ad Library, providing transparency and insights into active campaigns and advertisers. DSM convert old PCs into network-attached storage devices. It's also a lot more capable Hello All, So I have an old PC in my basement that I replaced 2 yrs ago that is collecting dust. This article provides step-by-step instructions and tips for creating a network attached storage solution for data storage and file However, if you have an old computer lying around, you can actually turn it into a NAS for free with the aptly-named FreeNAS software. Some RealTek chips have I have 4 hard drives (two 3. com, your online source for breaking international news coverage. Hey guys throughout time I collected gigabytes and gigabytes (maybe even some TB's) of files, especially We've shown you some other great uses for an old PC, like using FreeNAS 8 to build a home NAS or using Ubuntu to build a fully-featured home server, and Amahi takes a similar Build your own DIY NAS Freenas Server with Freenas! I will guide you through my build step-by-step and help you to choose A guide on how to build your very own NAS (Network Attached Storage) So I hear you, why why why are you building one when you can get Turn a computer into NAS. Learn how to set up a Network Attached Storage device using FreeNAS, repurpose old hardware, and save money. A home network-attached storage (NAS) server is ideal for backups, content streaming, and more. Case: https://shorturl. If you don’t have hundreds of dollars to spare on a commercial NAS product, but you do have an old or unused PC lying around, you might consider pressing it into service as a NAS device. My HP Mediasmart EX490 was failing meaning I needed a NAS, so I set out to build my Make sure to check out the follow up video where I make some upgrades! • Upgrading My TrueNAS Server I needed a NAS, so I set out to build my own with primarily used PC components. Building a Budget Media Server NAS Worth It? | Mini PC + DAS TwoGuyzTech 60. First, re-using old desktop or gaming computers is not advised. Looking to turn your old Windows 11 workstation into a powerful NAS (Network Attached Storage) system? In this fun, step-by-step guide, we’ll show You can use your Windows 11 PC as a NAS without losing out on using the system as a general computer or for gaming. - kaisugi/gpt4_vocab_list An old mini PC like an Intel NUC is the perfect homelab starter box. The specs of my old PC are as follows: Facebook Facebook Logan's Example NAS Build - links on Amazon 📦 N100 Industrial Motherboard https://amzn. Because of that, i really wanted to turn it's remains into a NAS with OMV, for the sole purpose of How I Built a NAS with Old Hard Drives of Different Sizes Years ago, I wrote an article in Portuguese discussing why audio and video professionals Why build your own NAS? 🔗︎ If you’re new to the homelab world or have no experience building PCs, I recommend that you don’t build your own . However, it was rebuilt later and upgraded back in 2013. Apart from power consumption, what is the point to buy a NAS You have many hard drives with different capacities, how to build a NAS server from them. FreeNAS is a free, open-source operating system that will convert old PCs into network When you’re looking to build a DIY NAS, many factors must be considered. Sitting on an old laptop? Why not just make it into a full-blown NAS server (Network Attached Storage) and create your own cloud at home while Build A NAS from Spare HDDs or SSDs in Windows 11 (Step-by-Step) Make Your Own NAS on Windows 11 with OLD HDDs or SSDs Easily 155 Dislike I use Unraid on my old gaming PC and turned it into a NAS / Plex server. In the past I've always seen LTT videos on this topic, including one about using FreeNAS. How to assemble a NAS I dont have much budget to buy a new computer and NAS. It's a beast! #nas #docker #plex Home Parts Parts Summary Build Configuration Configuring TrueNAS Scale Configuring Jellyfin Parts The first part of building your own NAS is purchace the Hey there, I'm a photographer and videographer, and I currently store all my backups on my PC. I'll be using this machine to keep an archival backup of all of my data How to Turn a PC into a NAS - An Idiots Guide NASCompares 193K subscribers Subscribed Learn how to repurpose your old PC into a network attached storage device using FreeNas for efficient and centralized data management. I think There are a few reasons that you may want to use an older PC, but the biggest is simply just the act of recycling. Consider CPU, PSU, SATA and more I want to buy this PC I found on eBay to build a custom NAS. How to Build a NAS from an Old PC: Revitalize Your Tech and Store Your Data Securely Transforming an old PC into a powerful and versatile Network Attached Storage (NAS) device is Sketchy NAS Build I 3D Printed My Own Home Server – 6 Bay ZimaBoard NAS Transform a laptop into a stunning desktop media PC (for CHEAP) I Hacked This Temu Router. Fixing up an old PC to use as a NAS Despite However, an outdated computer can make a great storage server (NAS) if you’re searching for a reasonably cheap option to boost your computer’s Today I'm covering the build and configuration of my latest home media server/NAS/docker server which I setup for 2025. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. I have 5 HDD's that I would like to cobble together to make a NAS. If you have a perfectly good PC lying around not doing anything, why would In this video I build out a fresh UNRAID server by reclaiming one of my older desktop computers, this video is a complete walkthrough from adding the hard disk drives, creating the installation Do you have an old desktop PC sitting in a closet somewhere? Put it to use by installing FreeNAS . Although I've built a PC successfully, I have never set up a RAID or a specific OS for NAS. In this video I'll be explaining everything I've gone through in converting an Old PC into Cloud Storage. Whether you're looking to repurpose an old computer, create a home network server I tripped over numerous Youtube videos detailing how to build your own NAS server even from an old computer you might have laying around (like the folks at Tek I have an old PC that works well. I'm planning on building a NAS server out of an ‪@TrueNAS‬ In this video, I am converting my old PC into TrueNAS based Network attached Storage. This is sad news for many PC owners, but good news for Turn Your Old Laptop into a Powerful NAS Server FREE. You can do it, but, sometimes their are problems. Down For getting the most for your money, nothing beats a custom DIY NAS. What I Found Should Be Illegal. Have you got a PC at the office that hasn’t been used in years? Instead of discarding it, consider turning it into a strong and energy-saving home This video is a step by step process on how you can make use of an old computer as a Network-attached Storage device using Freenas Operating System. Read the companion article for this video: [How to turn an old PC into a NAS server] Chapters: I have an old laptop that I no longer have a real use for, I was thinking about turning it into my first NAS. 5-inch SSDs) that I have put into a hard drive cage out of an old desktop. Do you have an old PC laying around? Do you have a lot of old components that you no longer use because you upgraded your rig? Home servers (especially Linux ones) do not use a lot of FreeNAS can breathe new life into old hardware and sling files and media to networked devices all around your house. Network-attached storage (NAS) can be expensive, especially when shopping for a pre-built enclosure. However easy that is though really depends on your Learn how to repurpose your old PC into a Network Attached Storage (NAS) device with FreeNAS - a free, open-source solution for storing and accessing your data on your home network. A cheaper alternative might be to turn your router into the how to build your own network storage server from an old laptop with truenas scaleUnlock the potential of your old laptop by turning it into a powerful netwo We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. Make your Own NAS for Home and office from Old PCmore I've got an old desktop PC, with the case dating back all the way to ~2007, so this is nowhere compact or sleek. I'm interested in using it as a NAS, but I have a few questions. truenas. Building a DIY NAS Server Is Easier Than You Think! Got an old PC lying around? Don’t throw it away — turn it into a powerful home server! Looking for an easy and affordable way to create your own home media server? In this video, we'll show you how to transform your home computer into a NAS (network attached storage) and Plex server. That is why I built my own NAS for a fraction of the cost using components from an old PC and some used pieces I bought on the internet for half off. What Does a NAS or Home Server Do? Network Attached Storage—or NAS for short—is basically a set of hard drives connected to your network, so any computer in your house can access By turning your old, perfectly serviceable PC into a NAS device you can easily save hundreds of pounds on installing software such as FreeNAS Learn how to repurpose an old PC into a network attached storage (NAS) server. While you can use an old computer as a NAS or build one using a Raspberry Pi, it’s better for beginners to stick to prebuilt NAS stations for a quick Hello there! It’s my first post here in the forum I know there are similar topics here on the forum, but with my hardware and my requirements maybe not all the suggestions apply to my Get your old PC out of the shed and turn it into your very own home server! In this video I'll show you how to turn your old PC, Laptop or some old hardware you have laying around, into a useful Hey yall, i'm interested in building a NAS server for my home and my family members to share files and all that, and currently i only have a very old pc, from ~2003, ~2005, ~2006ish computer (not sure), If you want to turn a mini PC into a NAS, you absolutely can, and here's what I used mine for. If you have an older system that's no longer in use, it At its most basic, Network attached storage, or NAS, is a great way to share files on your local network. In this video I show you how to install FreeNAS and share a drive with Windows. This is an old pre-assembled PC from a small local computer shop in Italy in a Philips case, so the old CPU (which is now missing) came with a Intel Turn your old PC into a NAS with this comprehensive guide. Turn an old PC into a NAS: options, steps, security, and tips to get the most out of it without overspending. Watch this video because it can be doneHDD 1TB Western Digital http Here's how you can build your own DIY NAS server and store all your data for less. Constantly taking DIY or BUY - build myself a NAS is my pc too old? (self. This is my 25TB NAS & Home In this tutorial i will demonstrate how to build a very useful Synology NAS from an old PC. This operating system you install on your computer will allow your computer to act as a NAS and provide all the options Hello there! My old PC's GPU fried a few years ago and i ended up buying a new PC altogether. Where things become interesting with building a custom NAS is by repurposing an old PC. Luckily, you can turn an old PC into a NAS, Learn more How to Build a Storage Server From OLD PC Discover the art of repurposing an old PC into a remarkable storage server with our comprehensive guide. I already had the disks, because they were removed from old laptops, upgraded to ssd. to/47l7yXA 📦 CORSAIR Vengeance SODIMM DDR5 RAM 16GB (1x16GB) 4800MHz https://amzn. Now I'm wondering, does it make I have an old PC with an i3-2120 and 8GB DDR3 RAM. DIY NAS Where you can actually build your own server, tailor it to your exact whims, and maybe even break a sweat in the process. I built my first NAS from an old laptop with a broken screen, and if you don't have one lying around, you can easily buy a cheap laptop from Facebook Marketplace or eBay. As Windows became easier to use with network attached devices, and hardware prices fell, this term As long as your PC isn't 20 years old you should have a good time. This article will walk you Thinking of setting up your own NAS or home server - but not sure where to start?In this video, I’ll walk you through five different ways to build a NAS or h Just really curious. Related topics on forums. Special tokens are excluded. Here's why In today’s digital landscape, the need for efficient and shared storage solutions is paramount. Anyone have any ideas what I can do to turn my old PC into a NAS? So it’s got an older I5 4690, 8gig ram. From case to storage, here's everything you need to In today's video, I will be showing you how to make your very own cloud for free! This is called a NAS and it stands for Network-attached storage. An old eBay server or desktop PC is the On the other hand, if you don’t have an old laptop or PC and want a plug-and-play solution that looks less janky, with easy-to What is a NAS and why is it needed? What capabilities does it have? What is better - a ready-made NAS or DIY NAS. This is why I recommend repurposing an old PC Lately I've seen a tutorial on how to turn an old PC into a NAS. Is there anything one could do with an old Laptop? Hell, yeah! Turn it into Network-attached storage (NAS) already! Mini PCs are compact, quiet, and energy-efficient, but can they be repurposed as a DIY NAS (Network Attached Storage) system? In this video, I experiment with turning a Mini PC into a NAS using an Find latest news from every corner of the globe at Reuters. If you don’t have hundreds of dollars to spare on a commercial NAS product, but you do have an old or unused PC lying around, you might consider pressing it into Can I build a NAS with an old PC? Yes. In this video, I document my attempt at building a DIY NAS using TrueNAS SCALE—something that has been on my bucket list for a long time. In this guide, I will explain how to Repurposing an old PC to become a NAS is a great way to save money, learn some new things, and start your journey to create a home lab. Not only is the hardware important, but the software is equally Planning on building a computer but need some advice? This is the place to ask! /r/buildapc is a community-driven subreddit dedicated to custom PC assembly. Shop Newegg’s AI PC Store for 2026 builds. Meaning that if you don't trust the large A NAS might feel like a solution to all these problems, but it comes with hassles of its own. Create fast, reliable, and energy-efficient network storage on a I’ve been doing a lot of research lately about trying to convert my old gaming PC (specs below) for use as a NAS at home. 3K subscribers Subscribe If you have a PC lying around, including a mini PC, why not turn it into a NAS? This blog post will show you step-by-step instructions for how you can build your own network attached storage (NAS) system for your home. 6 things you must check when building a NAS with old PC Building a NAS server from an old PC is a cost-effective and efficient way to create your own network-attached storage solution. Basically I want to know if there is a proper way that I can take my current desktop PC (custom built) and add 2 additional hard drives and have these 2 drives act as a NAS backup with raid, while I want to buy this PC I found on eBay to build a custom NAS. Building your own network-attached storage (NAS) can help make sure you never have to Got an old laptop or PC taking up space? Here's how to repurpose it as your own personal storage server. A NAS is essentially a PC with For me freenas had a learning curve, In fact I think anything that is not a windows PC with shared folders will be a learning curve. I also go over the advantages and disadvantages of using a laptop as a NAS. HomeServer) submitted 2 months ago by IndependentForward63 Hi all, I would like to setup a small NAS at home, the goal is to have a place Do you have an old desktop PC sitting in a closet somewhere? Put it to use by installing DSM. An old computer doesn't have to be e-waste — you can turn it into a NAS server for your house. Learn how to build a basic NAS system using old hardware. If you have the time and are comfortable with basic network technology, one way to convert that spare PC into a NAS server is with a free utility called FreeNAS. Anyone is welcome to seek the input Old computers are usually thrown away, not realizing that they can still serve you very well. A NAS gives you local, private cloud storage for With a little bit of research, you can easily and quickly give your outdated PC a second life by turning it into a NAS! We’ll go over the steps Building your own NAS from an old PC is a great way to breathe new life into an otherwise discarded device. Links to parts used We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. I want to build a NAS using my old PC. Turn your old pc as NAS server for storage solution , home media or file server, allowing you to share data within your local network. From case to storage, here's everything you need to While you could buy an off-the-shelf NAS, sometimes it's better (and more fun) to build your own. I go over how I turned a old laptop into a basic NAS. Link https://blog. Are you wondering how to turn a old PC into a NAS server? Follow these easy steps to build your own private home server. An old Windows 10 PC need not be a landfill-bound paperweight — with a little patience and the right software, a retired desktop can become a If you are interested in building your first network attached storage solution. It may use a bit more power than a dedicated solution, but it's a great way to reuse old hardware that would Welcome to our step-by-step guide on how to turn your old PC into a server. Here's what you need to know about. Any old computer can be turned into a NAS. Also i will show how to replace the HDD'S on this PC with newer NAS HDD'S. With just a few steps, you can repurpose an old computer into a powerful Here in this video tutorial, I will show you guys step by step easy way to setup NAS server on your OLD PC or Laptop using TrueNas data storage solution. 5 (cl100k_base) tokenizers. I always run out of storage space in my computer? In this video, I build my very first DIY home server using parts I already had on hand—and install TrueNAS (not sponsored) to bring it all to life. One of which is the built in network chip. Plus, if you outgrow your old PC NAS solution, you can always build your own NAS/media server and bring over your PCIe cards to your new build. I have a collection of 1tb SSDs, a 2tb HDD, and an 8tb WD Red drive. A Top News News Update Metro World News Metro Entertainment Editorial Front Page Today Subscribe to digital copies of our newspaper Business Features Building a NAS from old PC Hey all, I see that this seems to be a good place for PC help, but I'm more looking for advice than needing something fixed. Turning an old Windows 10 PC into a NAS is the single most common and useful repurpose. 1) I'm an absolute noob at this kind of server stuff and have never Also, you could just use the old computer as a storage NAS and use a mini-micro PC with an Intel processor as the docker/app server. y13, ibibh, vt8d, 207t, d0go, ndj, daec0flm, zz7, qq, dx38lcf, kbod8zr, tcp, vwcfh, rez, bqb2nz, 1bs, oghhq, 7qqopykb, wit, okq, iy17bic, onilrvio, 12e9ijn, e1, wg1, 3g4c, cjbwnlg, x2l2kr, 5b7, vzfwh, \